What Is Candle Throw? A Complete Guide to Cold Throw, Hot Throw & Scent Performance

Candle throw refers to how well a candle’s fragrance disperses into the surrounding space, whether it creates a subtle ambiance or completely fills a room. It’s the overall reach and strength of a candle’s scent, and there are two key types to understand:

Cold Throw: This is the scent you experience when the candle is unlit, like when you first open the lid or pick it up in a store. Cold throw gives you an initial impression of the fragrance, but it doesn’t always predict how the candle will perform when lit. A candle can smell incredibly strong right out of the jar, but if the wax, wick, or fragrance formulation isn’t optimized for burning, the hot throw may fall short.

Hot Throw: Hot throw is the scent released as the candle burns. As the wax melts and the fragrance oils are activated by heat, the aroma begins to fill the room. A strong hot throw means the scent travels efficiently, enveloping your space with a consistent and noticeable fragrance.

Does a strong cold throw mean a strong hot throw?

Not necessarily. A candle can have a strong cold throw but a weak hot throw if it isn’t crafted properly. On the flip side, a candle with a softer cold throw might have an exceptional hot throw if it uses high-quality fragrance oils and the right wick and wax combination.

Take our Deconstructed Candles or candle refill kits, for example. They're made with a coconut-soy wax blend chosen for its clean burn and excellent scent performance.

Some fragrance notes, like citrus, tea, or florals, are naturally more subtle, while others like vanilla, spice, or musk have a stronger candle throw.

The takeaway? Cold and hot throw offer different perspectives on how a candle smells, but hot throw is the real test of performance.

When we talk about candle throw, we’re talking about how far and how strong a candle’s scent travels through the air.

Here’s how it works:

• Fragrance oils are mixed into the wax during production.
• Even when unlit, some oils evaporate and release scent -- this is your cold throw.
• Once lit, the wax melts, heats the oils, and releases more fragrance into the air -- this is your hot throw.
• The wick acts like a fragrance pump, pulling up the wax and fueling the flame, which disperses scent further.

Because heat amplifies fragrance release, hot throw tends to be stronger than cold throw. But both matter when it comes to evaluating a strong scented candle.

Now that you know how scent is released from a candle, let’s talk about what you’re actually smelling and when.

Just like perfumes, candles are built in layers, using a structure of top, middle, and base notes. These layers aren’t just about complexity or artistry -- they also play a direct role in candle throw and how your nose experiences scent as the candle moves from cold to hot throw. Here's how it works:

Top Notes: The First Impression

Top notes are the lightest and most volatile fragrance molecules. They start evaporating even at room temperature, which is why they’re often what you smell most when the candle is unlit (cold throw). These notes tend to be bright and fresh -- think citrus, herbs, or green florals like eucalyptus.

Because they evaporate quickly, top notes tend to fade earlier during the burn. They don’t contribute much to long-term scent throw but are key to creating an inviting first impression.

Middle Notes: The Heart of the Scent

Once the candle is lit and the wax starts to warm, the middle notes come through. These molecules have a slightly higher evaporation point and begin to bloom after the top notes burn off.

Often referred to as the “heart” of the fragrance, middle notes give the candle its core identity. They help smooth the transition between fresh opening notes and the deeper base, and typically include lavender, Jasmine, and tea leaves.

You’ll usually start to notice these a few minutes into burning, as the hot throw begins to develop.

Base Notes: The Lasting Impression

Base notes have the highest molecular weight and evaporation point, which means they shine most when the candle is burning and the wax is hot. These are the notes that anchor the scent and linger in your space long after the flame is out.

Not only do base notes provide depth and warmth, but they also contribute the most to hot throw. Common base notes include vanilla, musk, sandalwood, and patchouli.

They help give a scent its longevity and fullness. If you’re after a strong candle that fills a room, candles with rich, heavy base notes are a great place to start.

PRO TIP: What you smell in the jar might not match how it smells when burning. Base-heavy candles often have a stronger throw once lit.

Understanding what influences scent throw—both in the jar and while burning—can help you choose (and use) candles more effectively. From how a candle is made to the environment it’s burned in, here’s what really matters:

Product-Level Factors

1. Fragrance Load: This refers to how much fragrance oil is added to the wax. Most candles use anywhere from 6% to 12%. Generally, a higher fragrance load can improve scent throw, but more isn’t always better. Too much oil can cause the candle to burn improperly or smell overly sharp. The goal is to find the right balance for a scent that’s noticeable without being overwhelming.

2. Fragrance Oil: Not all scents carry equally. Some fragrance families naturally project more than others:

• Lighter throw: citrus, herbs, green tea, airy florals
• Strong throw: vanilla, amber, musk, spice, oud

So if a candle has a soft cold throw but contains deeper base notes (like musk or amber), it may still surprise you once lit. Likewise, candles with lighter notes may smell more subtle overall, even with a higher fragrance load.

3. Wax Type: Wax is the delivery system for fragrance. Natural waxes likesoyorcoconutare known for their clean, eco-friendly burn but they may produce a softer throw than paraffin or blended waxes. 

4. Wick & Size: The wick affects how the candle burns and how scent is released. A wick that’s too small won’t form a full melt pool (which limits scent throw), while one that’s too large can burn too hot and shorten the candle’s life. At Sincerely Sunday, we carefully match cotton wicks to each scent and vessel to ensure an even burn and consistent fragrance release.

5. Candle Size & Diameter: Larger candles tend to have a stronger throw -- not just because they contain more wax, but because their wider diameter allows for a larger melt pool, which releases more fragrance into the air.

• Smaller candles = smaller melt pool = softer scent
• Larger candles = wider melt pool = stronger, fuller scent experience

So if you’re trying to fill a big room, one large candle or a few medium-sized candles to fill the entire space.

Environmental Factors

1. Airflow: Scent molecules move through the air, so the airflow in your space makes a big difference.

• Too much air (from fans or open windows): fragrance gets dispersed too quickly
• Too little air: scent may feel stagnant or overly intense

A moderate amount of circulation helps the scent move and evolve naturally throughout the room.

2. Room Size: Your space affects how the scent is perceived. A small candle in a large room may not provide much throw, while the same candle in a smaller space can smell much stronger. Match candle size to the room for optimal performance.

3. Melt Pool: This one’s easy to overlook but super important. Themelt poolis the liquid wax that forms when a candle burns. A full, even melt pool means fragrance is being released efficiently and evenly.

If you blow the candle out too soon (before the wax has melted all the way to the edges) you’ll get a weaker throw andrisk tunneling, which is when wax builds up along the sides.

For best scent performance, let your candle burn long enough (usually 3-4 hours for medium-sized candles) to form a complete melt pool on the first few burns.

There’s no wrong way to choose a candle -- scent is completely subjective and depends on what youlike. There are plenty of fragrances I personally love that my friends can’t stand, and that’s perfectly okay. That’s what makes scent so personal and interesting.

The key is to find a fragrance that you genuinely enjoy and that feels right for your space and your mood. And hey, our moods change all the time so why not have a few different scents on hand to match how you're feeling?

The size and layout of your space plays a big role in how noticeable a candle’s throw will be.

• Small spaces: 5–8 oz candles (e.g bathrooms, bedrooms, entryways)
• Medium spaces: 8–12 oz candles (e.g kitchens, offices, living rooms)
• Large or open-concept areas: opt for large vessels (12+ oz) or burn two candles in different corners to help distribute scent evenly

The scent you choose can shift the atmosphere in a space depending on how you want it to feel:

Calm & Centered:Notes like lavender, chamomile, tea, tonka bean, or sage are perfect for winding down. These fragrances offer a sense of stillness and calm, ideal for slow mornings, meditative evenings, or moments when you just want to breathe and reset.

• Nomad (inspired by Jo Malone’s Wood Sage & Sea Salt)
• Sunday Morning (inspired by Maison Margiela Replica’s Lazy Sunday Morning)
  
  

Bright & Uplifting:Notes like citrus, mint, or herbal blends bring clarity, energy, and light into your space. These scents are perfect for mornings when you need a gentle boost, afternoons that need a refresh, or anytime you're looking to lift the mood.

• Pomelo
• Sorry Not Sorry (inspired byDiptyque Baies)
• Heirloom (inspired byLoewe Tomato Leaves)
• Go Figure (inspired by Diptyque Figuier)

Cozy & Comforting:Notes like vanilla, amber, sandalwood, and coconut help create a soft, comforting atmosphere. These scents wrap your space in warmth, perfect for slow evenings, cold-weather rituals, or whenever you want to feel held.

• Rituals

Sensual & Sophisticated:Notes like musk, amber, deep woods, or spice bring warmth, depth, and a touch of drama. These scents are layered and lingering—perfect for setting the mood in the evening or creating a space that feels rich, intimate, and elevated.

• Santal (inspired by Le Labo Santal 26)
• Santal Noir (inspired byLe Labo Santal 33)
• Tobacco Vanille (inspired by Tom Ford Tobacco Vanille)

There’s no formula, just find the candles that make you feel good in your space. That’s the only rule that matters.

So now you know the ins and  outs of candle throw but now you’re wondering, “what can I right nowto make my candle smell stronger?” Don’t worry, we’ve got you.

Here are a few quick tips to help you get the best scent performance at home:

• Let wax melt fully across the top on the first burn
• Trim the wick before each use
• Recenter the wick if it leans to one side
• Avoid placing in high-draft or completely still air spots
• Match candle size to your space

We care deeply about scent throw because we believe a candle should do more than just look pretty -- it should actually fill your space with fragrance, from the moment you open the lid to the very last burn.

Here’s what makes our candles throw better:

• Coconut-Soy Wax Blend: Our signature coconut-soy wax blend is clean-burning and melts evenly, two things that are essential for strong scent diffusion. It holds fragrance well and creates a smooth, consistent melt pool, which is key to maximizing hot throw.
• Clean, Non-Toxic, Phthalate-Free Fragrance Oils: We only use high-quality fragrance oils that are free from phthalates, parabens, and other toxins. These oils are specifically chosen not just for safety, but for their ability to perform -- meaning they throw scent beautifully both cold and hot.
• Thoughtfully Balanced Fragrance Load: We add just the right amount of fragrance oil -- not too little, not too much. Overloading a candle can actually harm performance, but our balanced approach ensures a strong, steady scent throw that fills your space without ever feeling overpowering.

While most of our candles have a strong scent throw, it’s important to know that some scents will always be stronger or lighter by nature. Heavier notes like vanilla, amber, and musk tend to carry farther, while more delicate ones like green tea, citrus, and floral notes offer a softer, more intimate aroma.

We've accounted for this in our formulations and done rigorous testing to ensure that every candle performs beautifully, whether it’s soft and calming or bold and immersive.

Okay, we know this was a long one so if you skimmed or jumped around, here are the main takeaways:

What is candle throw?

It’s how well a candle disperses its scent in a space—both when it’s unlit (cold throw) and while it’s burning (hot throw).

Cold throw vs. hot throw:

• Cold throw is the fragrance you smell straight from the jar
  Hot throw is the scent released as the wax melts and the candle burns.

What affects candle throw?

• Wax blend, fragrance type, wick size, and candle size
• Environmental factors like room size, airflow, and how long the candle burns
• Fragrance composition (some scent notes are naturally stronger than others)

How to get the best throw at home:

• Let the candle burn long enough to form a full melt pool
• Use the right size candle for your space (small candle for a smaller room; large candle for a larger room)
• Avoid placing candles in areas with strong drafts or poor airflow (too much airflow will dilute the scent throw; too little will overpower it)

Curious to see (and smell) the difference for yourself? Try our Deconstructed Candle refills—designed to throw scent beautifully from first light to final burn.